World Energy Outlook 2025

The IEA’s flagship World Energy Outlook (WEO) is the world’s most authoritative source of global energy analysis and projections. Updated each year to reflect all the latest energy data, technology and market trends, and government policies – it explores a range of possible energy futures and considers their implications for energy security, emissions and economic development.

The 2025 Outlook comes against a backdrop of major shifts in energy policies and markets, and acute geopolitical strains. Governments are reaching different conclusions about the best ways to tackle concerns about energy security, affordability, and the increasingly visible impacts of climate change. The rise of artificial intelligence has transformative potential for the energy sector. In part because of AI, electricity demand growth is accelerating as the world enters a new Age of Electricity – with coal, gas, renewables and nuclear all jostling to provide the additional supply. Potential energy security vulnerabilities encompass oil, gas and electricity markets, as well as energy technology and critical mineral supply chains.

The WEO-2025 will contain multiple scenarios that reflect the wide spectrum of possible outcomes that today's markets and policies imply. These will include exploratory scenarios that flow from different assumptions about existing policies, including the Current Policies Scenario, as well as normative pathways that achieve energy and emissions goals in full, including climate targets, improvements in air quality and universal access to modern energy.

As ever, the WEO will provide unrivalled insights into the consequences of different energy policy and investment choices.